🇮🇳 HAPPY INDEPENDENCE DAY 🇮🇳

🇮🇳 INDEPENDENCE DAY🇮🇳

👉🏻 Introduction:-

- In India Independence day is Celebrated on 15th of August every year.

- Independence Day marks the end of 190-year-long British rule in India. 

- In 1947, India was declared as a free country on this day.

- Today India complete 73 years as an independent nation.

👉🏻 History and Significance:-

- In 1757, the East India Company defeated the last Nawab of Bengal in the Battle of Plassey, which marked the beginning of the British rule in India.

- The Indian Rebellion or the First War of Independence took place in 1857 which was a major yet unsuccessful uprising against the British rule.

- In the year 1885, India’s first political party, Indian National Congress was formed.

- After the conclusion of World War I in 1918, Indian activists called for self-rule or ‘Swaraj’.

- In 1929, the Indian National Congress declared ‘Purna Swaraj’ or Independence of India at an assembly in Lahore.

- Finally, after a series of sessions and meetings between the British government and the Indian National Congress, Lord Mountbatten who served as the last viceroy of pre-independent India, agreed to the proposal.

- On 15th August in 1947, Lord Mountbatten partitioned British India into two new independent nations; India and Pakistan.

👉🏻 Independence day celebration in India:-

- On this day, the national flag of India is hoisted at multiple public places; Prime Minister unfurls the national flag at Red Fort in Delhi to commemorate this historical event.

- Along with the flag-hoisting ceremony, parade and folk-dance performances also take place.

- Multiple festivities take place in different parts of the nation.

- Academic institutions including schools and colleges, host a special ceremony for enlightening the students about the historical significance of this day.

- Children fly tri-coloured kites for celebrating this occasion.

🔘 TULASI

Tulasi

👉🏻 Basonym -

तोलयन्ति प्रतिष्ठते, औषधिणु प्रतिष्ठितेत्यर्थः |

Tulasi is regarded as the best drug. 

👉🏻 Synonyms -

1. अपेतराक्षसी - The diseases caused due to Rakshasa (viruses /bacteria) get cured,

2. भूतघ्नी -Antiviral/Antibacterial

3. Tulasi, Tulsi – There is no other herb equivalent to this.

4. Gramya – found in every household.

5. Surasa – having good taste, having juice extract

6. Subhaga, Sulabha – auspicious

7. Surabhi, Svadu Gandha – having good scent

8. Sumanjari, Bahumanjari – having beautiful inflorescence

9. Devadundubhi, Visnuvallabha, Haripriya – beloved by Lord Vishnu, God.

👉🏻 Vernacular name:-

- Hindi:- Tulsi

- English:- Indian Basil/ Holy Basil/ Sacred Basil

- Telugu, Marathi & Malayalam:- Tulasi

- Gujarati:- Tulasi

- Kannada:- Sri Tulasi

👉🏻 Latin Name: Ocimum sanctum Linn.

👉🏻 Family: Lamiaceae

👉🏻 Gana : Shwasahara Varga (Charak)

👉🏻 Habitat: Tulsi is found throughout India.

👉🏻 Habit : A Perennial herb with a typical aromatic smell. 

👉🏻 Types :

शुक्ला कूष्णा च तुलसी गुणैस्तुल्या प्रकीत्त्तिता । 

1. Shukla Tulasi

2. Krushna Tulasi

👉🏻 Properties -

हिक्काकासविषश्वासपार्श्वशूलविनाशनः |

पित्तकृत्कफवातघ्नः सुरसः पूतिगन्धहा ||

                            - च.सू.२७/१६४

Taste - Pungent, Bitter

Potency - Hot

Vipaka - Pungent

Effect on dosha - Alleviates Vata & Kapha

👉🏻 Action -

श्वासहर- Useful in Bronchial asthma

कासहर- remedy for cough 

हृदय (Good for heart) 

हिक्का निग्रहण (Hiccups) 

दीपक (Carminative)

ज्वरघ्न (Fever)

कुष्ठघ्न(Skin disorders)

विषघ्न (Antidote) 

कृमिघ्न (Vermicidal)

👉🏻 Actions:- 

1. Bhavana dravya of Tribhuvankirti Tablet - Which is the choice of drug in fever, Cough. 

2. Cough: Black tulsi Juice + Honey

3. Fever : Juice of Tulasi leaves + Black pepper

4. It is used as Anupana (Vehicle)for other drugs.

5. For cleaning the wounds. Tulasi leaves juice

6. In kaphaja vyadhi: tulsi juice + honey (mainly in cough, fever, headache)

7. In cough and cold - drinking tea prepared from Tulasi leaves, ginger & black pepper immediately reaches benefit. 

8. By eating green leaves of Tulasi with salt, it cures cough & sore throat

👉🏻 Dosage -

Swarasa : 10 - 20 ml

Beeja : 1-2 gm

👉🏻 Pharmacological actions -

Antiviral

Antifungal

Antibacterial

Antipyretic

Anti Inflammatory

Anticancer

Antirheumatic

👉🏻 Chemical composition:-

- Bornyl acete

- Cadinene

- Camphene

- Camphor

- Carvacrol

- B- Caryophellene

- Eugenol

- Methyl ether

- Humelene

- Methyl chavicol

- Limonene etc.

👉🏻 Effects of Tulasi and its constituents:-

- The leaves contains eugenol and caryophylline are considered

mainly to be responsible for various antimicrobial properties. 

- The presence of eugenol attributes to its anti-

oxidative property and is also thought to be responsible for inhibition of lipid peroxidation

- Saponins are generally regarded a antinutrients but are also believed to be useful in human diet .

- Tannins have traditionally been considered

antinutritional but it may be employed medicinally in antidiarrheal, hemostatic and

antihemorrhoidal compound

for controlling cholesterols.

- For itching rashes, tulsi leaves are made into paste and applied over the skin.

- Smokers are prone for respiratory disorders and cancer. For both these, Tulsi is ideal. 

- Antioxidant: Tulasi is a powerful antioxidant

👉🏻Formulations -

- Agurvadya taila

- Hingusauvarchaladya taila

- Surasadi Kwatha

- Tulasi Swarasadi tala

- Tribhuvan Kirti rasa

🔘 Krishna Janmashtami

Krishna Janmashtami

👉🏻 On which date is Janmashtami celebrated?

Krishna Janmashtami, Gokulashtami, Srikrishna Jayanti, Sree Jayanti or Janmashtami is a Hindu festival which is celebrated to commemorate the birth of Lord Krishna. He is believed to be the eighth incarnation of Lord Vishnu.

In the Hindu calendar, the festival always falls on Ashtami, which is the eighth day of Krishna Pasha -- or the waning moon. Janmashtami is usually celebrated in the months of August or September.

👉🏻 How is Krishna Janmashtami celebrated?

- To celebrate the festival, all the Lord Krishna temples are decorated, processions, bhajans, kirtan and satsang meetings are organised at various places to celebrate his birth. 

- The majority of temples organise recitation of holy books, Bhagavata Purana and Bhagavad Gita. 

- The celebration takes place in two parts, Jhulanotsav and Ghatas. During Juhlanotsav, Krishna devotees put swings in their homes and place God's idol inside. Then, the idol is bathed in milk and honey and adorned with jewellery and new clothes. 

- The popular ritual of 'Dahi-Handi' is also celebrated on this day. Boys gather in a compound and form a human pyramid to break the earthen pot fixed at a height of 20-30 feet from the ground. The boy who stands at the top is called Govinda and the groups are either called handis or mandals. 

- Devotees also observe a day-long fast on Krishna Janmashtami and break it on the next day when the Ashtami Tithi is over. Throughout the day, no grains are consumed. The devotees take a meal comprising of fruits and water, called 'phallar'. 

👉🏻 The Next Day - Nanda Utsav -

The next day is referred to as Nanda Utsav, where, as an offering to the Lord, devotees put together a list of 56 food items, which is referred to as the 'chappan bhog'.

This is later distributed among the people after the fast. It constitutes Lord Krishna's favourite dishes and usually includes cereals, fruits, dry fruits, sweets, drinks, namkeen and pickles in quantities of eight under each category.

Some of the common items found in the bhog are makhan mishri, kheer, rasgulla, jalebi, rabri, mathri, malpua, mohanbhog, chutney, murabba, saag, dahi, Khichadi, tikkis, milk and cashews.

👉🏻 Where is Janmashtami celebrated?

Janmashtami is one festival that is celebrated with much enthusiasm all over India, especially Mathura which is the birthplace of Lord Krishna. Every person in town is dressed in their best attire to celebrate the birthday of Bal Gopala

Devotees from different regions of the country have come up with their own local way of celebrating the festival over the years

Celebrations in south India are different from the ones in north India. In some parts of the country, Janmashtami celebrations go on for more than a day too

People in Tamil Nadu draw beautiful patterns called Kolam, made with rice batter on the entrances of their houses and tiny footprints of Bal Gopala entering their houses

Vrindavan, which is about 20 km from Mathura, is also an important place associated with Lord Krishna's life. Here, the celebrations begin 10 days before the festival starts. Raas leela, which is the dance of Krishna and his female devotees (gopis) is also performed in the entire town.

👉🏻 Significance of Janmashtami -

The main significance of this festival lies in encouraging the goodwill and discouraging the bad will. Krishna Janmashtami is also celebrated for the togetherness.

Lord Vishnu in a sacred book of ancient times named Bhagavad Gita said that whenever there will be any dominance of evil in the society and the decline of the religion, I will reincarnate in this world to kill and remove the evil and also to protect the good.

This holy festival brings all the people together. Hence Krishna Janmashtami symbolises faith and unity.

👉🏻 To celebrate the day, Krishna temples are decorated; processions are taken out, while religious sites dedicated to the Blue God see a host of bhajans and kirtans taking place along with satsangs. Many places host dance-drama enactments of the life of Krishna according to the Bhagavata Purana, devotional singing through the midnight when Krishna was born, fasting, a night vigil (ratri jagaran), and a festival the following day to celebrate his birth.

The sole reason of celebrating this festival is bringing people together so that principles of unity strengthen. Dahi Handi is another important aspect of this festival that is observed in the second day of Janmashtami. As a kid Lord Krishna was named "Makhanchor" or the one who steals butter.

 " નંદ ધેરા આનંદ ભયો જય કનૈયા લાલ કી "

🔘 NAVAJATA SHISHU PARICHARYA

*NAVAJATA SHISHU PARICHARYA:-* 

👉 INTRODUCTION:-

- In navajata shishu paricharya context, the three terms usually mentioned

1.Jatamatra shishu paricharya

2.Sadyojata shishu paricharya

3.Navajata shishu paricharya

 *1.JATAMATRA PARICHAYA:-* 

👉🏻 Jaatamaatra refers to the baby immediately after birth.

👉🏻 The sisuparicharya mentioned in the Ashtanga Hridaya indicates this

meaning. 

👉🏻 Jatamatra has been used synonymously with sadyojaata

in Ashtanga Samgraha.

👉🏻 Hence, jaatamaatra can be defined as the

period immediately after birth up to the cutting of the umbilical cord. 

👉🏻 The Jaatamaatra sisu paricharya includes PRAANA PRATYAAGAMANAM(Jata karma kriya according to Charakasamhita), ULBA PARIMAARJANAM, MUKHA

VISODHANAM, GARBHODAKA VAMANAM, NABHEE

NAALA CHEDANAM.

👉🏻Prana pratyagamana (neonatal resuscitation):- 

 

- Acharya Charaka opines that immediately after birth of baby, while taking steps to bring out placenta, the following measures should be taken for the resuscitation of the fetus: striking of stones near the base of ears of baby, sprinkling cold water in summer and hot water in winter on the face of baby.

- By these measures, baby will regain consciousness which was lost as a result of the strain caused by the pressure of bearing down during process of delivery. But even after these steps if the baby remains flaccid, then he should be fanned with a fan prepared of straps of bamboo till he starts breathing. 

- Astanga Hridaya recommends rubbing of Bala Taila on baby’s body and making sound by hitting two stones together at base of ear. 

- Sacred hymns should be chanted in right ear of baby.

- Acharya Charaka has laid emphasis on initiation of Prana Pratyagamana measures immediately after birth along with efforts for placenta extraction without losing any time.

- This highlights their understanding of the fact that initial few minutes of neonate’s life are crucial for prevention of brain damage due to delay in resuscitation. Striking of two stones near mastoid or base of ear produces intense sound stimulating vestibule cochlear nerve.

- It is a sensory nerve whose afferent branch carries sensation to its nuclei situated on the floor of the fourth ventricle, near respiratory centre, which is also stimulated and respiration begins. Also this process of striking stones irritates auricular branch of vagus nerve, which triggers coughing in baby. 

- Sprinkling hot or cold water may stimulate the sensory fibres of facial nerve which stimulates the respiratory centre in brain and its motor fibres draw up hyoid bone and open epiglottis, thus initiating respiration.

- Waving air by a blackened fan gives fresh air which has 21% of oxygen. Even today when oxygen supply is not available, it is recommended to resuscitate with room air.

 

- Rubbing of Bala taila on baby’s body serves the purpose of tactile stimulation, temperature maintenance and providing strength to baby.

- Enchanting of hymns close to baby’s ear may serve as a psychological support to mother and an auditory stimulus to baby. 

👉🏻 Ulba parimarjana (cleaning of the vernix caseosa) :-

 

- Acharya Sushruta opines that ulva or vernix of baby should be cleaned immediately after birth by ghee and rock salt.

- Vagbhata holds similar view and describes that cleaning of ulva from baby`s mouth and body should be performed immediately after birth using rock salt and ghee.

👉🏻 Nabhinalachedana (cutting of umbilical cord) :-

 

- Acharya Charaka prescribes Naalchedan after Garbhodak vamana while Acharya Sushruta recommends it after Mukha vishodhana and Pichu dharana. 

- Acharya Vagbhata has described cutting of umbilical cord after Ulva parimarjan and resuscitative steps.

- Charaka elaborates that the cord should be marked at a distance of eight angulas (approximately 25.5 cm) from its root where it is attached with navel. 

- Both the sides of this mark should be carefully occluded by hand and with help of an Ardhadhara type of instrument, made of gold, silver or steel, the cord should be cut at this mark. 

- The distal end of the cord should be tied with help of a thread and the ends of the thread should be loosely tied to the neck of the baby.

- If there is suppuration of umbilical cord, oil boiled with paste of lodhra (Symplocos racemosa), madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra), priyangu (Callicarpa macrophylla), suradaru (Cedrus deodara) and haridra (Curcuma longa) should be applied. Powder of the medicines prescribed for oil preparation should be sprinkled over suppurated umbilicus.

- The length of cord to be left is proposed to be eight and four angulas (fingers) by Sushruta and Vagbhata respectively, which is to be tied by a thread before cutting and hanged loosely to child’s neckthereafter. 

- Vagbhata also suggests anointment of cord by 

Kushta taila.

👉🏻 Mukhvishodhana (cleaning of oral cavity) :- 

 

- Acharya Charaka recommends that palate, lips, throat and tongue of neonate should be wiped with attendant’s finger, whose nails are properly clipped off and which are well cleaned 

and covered with cotton swabs. 

- After cleaning the mouth, shiras talu (anterior fontanel) of baby should be covered with cotton swabs soaked with unctuous substances. 

- Acharya Sushruta has prescribed the use of ghee and rock salt for oral cleaning. 

- Covering fontanel by ghee soaked cotton has been advocated by both 

Sushruta and Vagbhata.

👉🏻

Garbhodaka vamana (clearing of neonate’s stomach)  :-

 

- Charaka samhita and Astanga Hridaya, both hold the view that the child should be given ghee mixed with rock salt for emesis so that stomach is cleared of its contents.

👉🏻 Jata karma (Birth rites) :-

 

- Jata karma is the first sacrament done after birth. It involves the first feeding of baby.

- It is performed as described in Vedas. 

- First of all, child should be given honey and ghee impregnated with hymns prescribed in Vedas.

- Thereafter following similar ritual, milk from the right breast should be given to the child at first. 

- An earthen jar filled with water should be impregnated with mantras and kept near the head of the child.

- Acharya Sushruta states that baby should be given to lick gold bhasma (incinerated powder) mixed with honey and ghee with index finger. 

- Astanga Hridaya prescribes a prashya (confection) for baby to confer intelligence, long life and good strength in the dose of one harenu (peas) in quantity, fortified with sacred hymns. 

- The confection is prepared from the paste of aindri (Bacopa monnieri), brahmi (Centella asiatica), vacha 

(Acorus calamus) or sankhpushpi 

(Convolvulus pluricaulis) and added with ghee and honey or with gold, vacha (Acorus calamus), brahmi (Centella asiatica), tapya and haritaki (Terminalia chebula) or the bhasma of gold and amalki (Emblica officinalis) may be given with ghee and honey. Jata karma should be performed by prajapatya method described in religious texts.

 *2.SADYOJATA SHISHU PARICHARYA:-* 

👉🏻Sadyo jaata  refers to first 24 hours of age. 

👉🏻 The sadyo jataa paricharya

includes following procedures in addition to the Jaata matra sisu

paricharya namely, TAILA PARISHEKAM, SNAANAM, PICHU

DHAARANAM, UDAKA KUMBHA STHAAPANAM,

PRAASANAM for the first day.

👉🏻 Snana (neonatal bath) :-

 

- According to Acharya Charaka, when respiration is established in the neonate and he is in a stable condition, his excretory passages should be cleaned with water and he should be given bath. 

- Sushruta prescribes bathing of neonate after Jata karma. 

- He says that baby should be massaged with bala taila and then bathed with decoction of laticiferous trees, water of aromatic drugs (eladi gana) or water heated with silver or gold or warm decoction of kapittha (Limonia acidissima Linn.) leaves in accordance with season, dosha and means.Astanga Hridaya has also given similar views.

 *3.NAVAJATA SHISHU PARICHARYA:-* 

👉🏻Navajaata shishu parichaya can be referred as the baby of 120 days of age. 

👉🏻The

Navajaata sisu paricharya includes jaatamaatra paricharya, sadyo

jaata paricharya and all other samskaaras up to 120 days.Navajaata sisu paricharya can be considered

to include those up to the samskaara of NISHKRAAMANAM.

(PRAASANAM after first day, STANYA PAANAM, RAKSHA

KARMAM, NISHKRAAMANAM.

👉🏻PRAASAMA:-

- The words 'praasana' and 'lehana' are used synonymously in

Kaumarabhrithya. Nowadays, the effect of this karma is being widely

discussed. 

- Therefore, a systematic and detailed study of praasana is

mandatory.

👉🏻 Definition:-

• तब्ज्जनी मध्यमाङ्गुष्ठैः संस्पृश्य परिगृह्य ते।

यावदत्नादिकं ततु प्राशमित्यभिरधीयते।।

- The amount of food which can be grasped by the tip of middle finger of

the care taker is termed as praasa.

- The concept of praasa can be viewed in the following manner as

per classical references.

👉Raksha karma (protection of baby) :-

 

- Ayurvedic classics describe measures for preventing infection in a neonate.

- Branches of khadira (Acacia catechu), karkandhu (Zyzyphus nummularia), pilu (Salvadora persica) and parushaka (Grewia asiatica) should be placed all around the sutikagara (wardroom for mother). Grains of mustard, atasi (Linum usitassimum) and broken rice should be scattered in sutikagara. 

- Till the naming ceremony (on tenth day), tandula bali homa (a type of ritual in which rice is offered to the sacred fire) should be performed twice a day.

- At the entrance of sutikagara a moosal (a large pestle) should be kept obliquely. Pieces of vacha (Acoras calamus), kushta (Saussurea lappa), hingu (Ferula narthrex), sarshapa (Brassica nigra), atasi (Linum usitassimum) and lashuna (Allium sativum) and such other drugs which are known to provide protection from the attack of evil spirits should be tied in a packet and hanged to the upper beam of door of sutikagara.

- Similar smaller packets should be tied to neck of mother and baby. These packets of drugs should also be placed in cooking utensils, serving vessels, water jars, cloth and bed sheet of mother and baby. 

- Inside the sutikagara, fire lit from tinduka (Diospyros peregrina) should be constantly kept burning. Female attendants who are friends to mother should keep constant vigil by remaining awake for ten to twelve days. 

- The whole house should be full of affectionate people and celebrations should be made. 

- To bestow auspiciousness upon the mother and child, Brahmins well versed with the Atharva Veda should offer prayers twice a day.

🔘 Ardraka - Shunthi

Ardraka - Shunthi :

👉🏻 Basonym -

In wet form = Ardraka

In dry form = Shunthi

.....शुण्ठी शोषयति | कफ मामाची.... ॥

Word Shunthi is derived from the word 'Shunthi'. Shunthi means which dries up Kapha & Aama (Undigested food) in body. 

👉🏻 Synonyms -

1. कटुभद्रम्- Best amongst Pungent medicines

2. विश्वा - Quickly enters in circulation due to it's Sharp quality 

3. महौषधम् - Very important drug because of its strong action

4. विश्व भेषज-Useful in all kind of diseases of Universe

👉🏻 Regional Names -

English : Ginger

Hindi : Adraka

Gujarati : Adu

Sanskrit : Ardraka

👉🏻 Latin Name: Zingiber officinale Linn

👉🏻 Family: Zingiberaceae

👉🏻 Gana : Triptighna, Arshoghna. Dipaniya, Shulaprashamana, Shitaprashamana, Trishnaprashamana, Stanyashodhana. 

👉🏻 Habitat: It is cultivated for commercial purposes.

👉🏻 Habit: Perennial herb and its rhizomes are used for medicinal purposes.

👉🏻 Properties -

आदिका भेदनी गुर्वी तीक्षोष्णा दीपनी मता|

कटुका मधुरापाके कक्षा वात कफपहा |

ये गुणाः कथिता : शुण्ठ्यास्तेऽपि सन्त्याकऽखिलाः ||

                      - भा.प्र.हरि तस्यादि वर्ग ४९-५०

Taste: Pungent

Potency: Hot

Vipaka: Sweet(Shunthi) Katu (Ardraka) 

Qualities: Sharp, dry , heavy (Ardraka) 

light, unctuous (shunthi)

Action on Dosha: Alleviates Kapha and vata

👉🏻 Action -

Swasa (Asthma)

Kasa (Cough)

Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Ajirna Indigestion)

Chardi (Vomitting)

Hridroga (Cardiac Problems)

Sotha (Oedema)

Udara (Ascites)

Kanthya (Good for Voice)

- शुण्ठी शुष्का कथा महौषध विश्वा च नेकु गदेषु साधनम्। वातानुलौम्याय हिताग्निदिपनीसंपाचनीशूलकफार्निलापहा॥ 

                               -प्रा.नि.पिप्पल्यादि वर्ग

- भक्षणं लवणास्य इदं वहिनप्रदीपनम् । 

भोजनाये सदापथ्यं जिव्हाकण्ठ विशोधनम् ॥ वातश्लेष्महरं रूच्यं दीपनं पाचनं परम् । 

निम्बुकस्य रसे क्षिप्तं आर्द्रकम् मुखशोधन ॥ 

                    - कै.नि.औषधि वर्ग ११५९ -१९६१

- Shunthi is Mahaushadhi/Vishwabheshaja-drug of choice in all diseases.

- How one drug can be useful in all diseases. For that one need to know the diseases formation process as per Ayurveda.

-Ayurveda believes that main disease causing factors are improper Digestive fire and incomplete evacuation of waste products from the body. Shunthi works both of them. 

- It improves digestion, it is carminative, antispasmodic Ginger with it's pungent taste & hot potency increases digestive fire. Hence forth Ginger is the choice of drug in the diseases caused due to weak digestive fire

- Ginger with it's pungent taste clears the coating of tongue & throat and enhances taste perception of the person

- Ginger juice with honey is useful in runny nose, Asthma, Cough & Anorexia

- Ardraka + Rock salt when consumed before food, it cleanses tongue. removes stickiness of mouth & improves taste it clears the Kapha dosha in Respiratory tract which is causing obstruction in channel.

👉🏻 Dosage-

Juice - 3-10ml

Powder - 750mg - 1.5gm

👉🏻 Chemical composition -

Rhizome contains :

Aromatic Oil

Starch

Fat

Fiber

Zingiberene

Gingerol

Ginger

Zingerone

👉🏻 Effect of Ginger and its constituents:-

- Ginger stimulates saliva and can make your mouth feel fresh for long. Chew a piece of fresh ginger slowly. Do it several times in a day.

- You can drink 2-3 cups of ginger tea mixed with honey to stimulate your glands.

- Ginger is directly indicated in Amavata, grossly compared to rheumatoid arthritis. 

- Hence, people with RA are recommended to included ginger in diet on regular basis.

- Zingiberaceae extracts are clinically effective hypoalgesic agents and the available data show a better safety profile than non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs.

- Standardised extract of ginger and artichoke significantly promoted gastric emptying in healthy volunteers.

- Aroma-massage therapy with ginger and orange oil have potential as an alternative method for short-term knee pain relief.

- Daily administration of 1,000 mg ginger reduces serum triglyceride concentration, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis patients.

- Zingiber officinale reduces acute chemotherapy-induced nausea.

- Ginger and Vitamin B6 are both effective in treating nausea and vomiting in pregnancy

- Ginger extract reduces delayed gastric emptying and nosocomial pneumonia in adult respiratory distress syndrome patients hospitalised in an intensive care unit.

- Ginger has a therapeutic effect on motion sickness

- Ginger has reduces symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee.

- Ginger is as effective as mefenamic acid and ibuprofen in relieving pain in women with primary dysmenorrrhea

- The herbal remedies examined had significantly beneficial effects on cholesterol in T2D patients

- Ginger syrup may be effective as an antiemetic in early pregnancy.

- 6-gingerol a component of ginger is extensively metabolised in H-1299 human lung cancer cells

- 6-gingerol may be useful in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

- 6-Shogaol, a compound found within ginger, exerts a strong anti-inflammatory activity against urate crystal-induced inflammation.

👉🏻 Contraindications -

Fresh ginger is contraindicated in -

Kushta (Skin diseases) 

Pandu (Aneamia)

Raktapitta (Bleeding disorders) 

Grishma and sharad rutu (Summer & Autumn)

🔘 Siddhanta In Ayurveda

SIDDHANTA IN AYURVEDA

👉🏻 Definition:-

• सिद्धान्तो नाम स यः परीक्षकै र्बहुविधं परीक्ष्य हेतुभिश्चसाधयित्वा स्थाप्यते निर्णयः| 

                        ( Cha. vi.8/37)

- Siddhanta is the conclusion which is established by

Acharyas after carefully testing in several ways and

which is proved with reasoning.

👉🏻 Types of Siddhanta:-

• स चतुर्विधः - सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तः, प्रतितन्त्रसिद्धान्तः, अधिकरणसिद्धान्तः, अभ्युपगमसिद्धान्तश्चेति|

                          (Cha. vi.8/37)

- There are four types of Siddhantas, viz.

1) Sarvatantra Siddhanta

2) Pratitantra Siddhanta

3) Adhikarana Siddhanta

4) Abhyupagamana Siddhanta

1. Sarvatantra Siddhanta

(Universally accepted theory):-

•तत्र सर्वतन्त्र सिद्धान्तोनाम तस्मिंस्तस्मिन्सर्वस्मिंस्तन्त्रे तत्तत्प्रसिद्धं; यथासन्तिनिदानानि, सन्तिव्याधयः, सन्तिसिद्ध्युपायाःसाध्यानामिति|

                       (Cha. vi.8/37)

- It is that theory which is accepted universally by all the

schools of thoughts or the Acharyas and is found in

every treatise on that particular treatise on the subject,

such as,

- For ex:-

√ There are causes (Nidana), there are diseases (Roga) and

there are remedies for Sadhya Vyadhies, which is accepted

by all the schools and Acharyas.

√ Purusha is Panchabhautika, Kshaya Vruddhi Vikara

Ashrayatwa, Ahara Poshaniyatwa, this has been accepted

by all the Ayurvediya Tantras.

√ Haritaki is accepted as a Rasayana Dravya by all the

Authors.

2. Pratitantra Siddhanta (Restricted theory):-

•प्रतितन्त्र सिद्धान्तोनाम तस्मिंस्तस्मिन्नेकैकस्मिंस्तन्त्रेतत्तत्प्रसिद्धं; यथा- अन्यत्राष्टौरसाःषडत्र, पञ्चेन्द्रियाण्यत्रषडिन्द्रियाण्यन्यत्रतन्त्रे, वातादिकृताःसर्वेविकारायथाऽन्यत्र,अत्रवातादिकृताभूतकृताश्चप्रसिद्धाः|

                     (Cha. Vi.8/37)

- It is the theory which is not universal in nature and is

held by only one of the schools of thought or Acharyas

or found only in one treatise of a particular

science/subject, such as,

- For ex:-

√ In other schools there are 8 Rasas (tastes), but in Ayurveda

only 6 Rasas.

√ There are 5 sense organs, while in other texts there are 6

sense organs, who have considered Manas also under it.

√ Sushruta tells Atma is Asarvagata, Sukshma and Nitya,

while Charaka tells Atma is Sarvagatatva, Vibhutwa and

Nityatwa.

√ Acharya Sushruta has considered Rakta as the fourth

Dosha while Charaka has not considered.

√ Sushruta tells that Doshas gets Prakopa by the gradual

Sanchaya of the Doshas, while Charaka tells Achaya

Prakopa.

3. Adhikarana Siddhanta (Implied theory):-

• अधिकरण सिद्धान्तोनाम स यस्मिन्नधिकरणेप्रस्तूयमानेसिद्धान्यन्यान्यप्यधिकरणानिभवन्ति, यथा- ‘नमुक्तःकर्मानुबन्धिकंकुरुते, निस्पृहत्वात्इतिप्रस्तुतेसिद्धाःकर्मफल-मोक्ष-पुरुष-प्रेत्यभावाभवन्ति|

                      (Cha. Vi.8/37)

- Adhikarana Siddhanata is that which is determined by

implication in the course of a statement of facts, such

as,

- For ex:-

√ Mukta Purusha does not do the Karya which are going to

give the Shubha, Ashubha Phala, because he is Nishkaama

(desireless) and they do not want the Laukika and

Paralaukika Phalas. From this statement it can be implied

that, Karma Phala exists, Moksha exists, Purusha exists.

4. Abhyupagama Siddhanta (Hypothetical theory):-

•अभ्युपगम सिद्धान्तोनाम स यमर्थमसिद्धमपरीक्षितमनुपदिष्टमहेतुकंवावादकालेऽभ्युपगच्छन्तिभिषजः; तद्यथा- द्रव्यंप्रधानमितिकृत्वावक्ष्यामः, गुणाःप्रधानमितिकृत्वावक्ष्यामः, वीर्यंप्रधानमितिकृत्वावक्ष्यामः, इत्येवमादिः|

                     (Cha. Vi.8/37)

- The statement which is accepted during the Vaada

(debate) by a Vaidya which has not been established

(Asiddha), nor investigated (Aparikshita), nor taught

(Anupadishta), that hypothetical statement is called

Abhyupagama Siddhanta, such as,

- For ex:-

√ When studying about the Dravyas, taking Dravyas to be

Pradhana of the other Padarthas, When studying the

Gunas taking it to be Pradhana, when studing the Veeryas

telling it as Pradhana than others.

√ Charaka in Vatakalaakaliya Adhyaya, while explaining Vata

Dosha be has told „Vayureva Shubhaashubhakara‟, for Pitta

Dosha „Agnireva Shubhaashubhakara‟ for Kapha Dosha

„Somayeva Shubhaashubhakara‟

👉🏻 Importance:-

- Siddhanta is one of the important concept 

in any science.

- A strong foundation is essential to build an

house and for the longevity of a house.

- As such if the roots of a tree are strong. its life span also will be increased.

- Like that the entire knowledge of science

depends on Moola Siddhantas or Basic

Fundamental Principles only.

- It can be taken as a base in 

conducting many research works like in 

experimental, Pre- clinical, clinical etc. 

-In today’s world there are many tools 

developed from which even the minutest 

organism can be visualized. With the help 

of these tools, an effort should be made to 

re-validate the siddhanta mentioned in 

Ayurveda in new terms so that Ayurveda 

is Globalised and widely accepted.

🔘 SHARADA RUTU

*SHARADA RITU (AUTUMN SEASON):-* 

👉🏻 Duration:-

- Mid-September to 

Mid-November(Ashwina-Kartika) 

👉🏻 Environmental changes:-

- During 

this season, the Sun turns out to be 

splendid, the sky stays clear and 

sometimes with white cloud, and the 

earth is smeared with wet mud. 

Because of hotness of sun atmosphere 

is also very hot and penetrating. 

👉🏻Bodily changes:-

- The prevalent 

Rasa is Lavana (salty) and 

transcendent Mahabhutas are Apa and 

Agni. The strength and energy of an individual stays medium.The pitta dosha which 

accumulated in varsha ritu is provoked by hot sun leading to Piita prakopa.The agni is 

also deficient due to vitiation of pitta.

👉🏻Ahara(Diet):- 

- Foods having Madhura (sweet) and Tikta (sharp) taste, and of Laghu 

(light to process) and cold properties should be eaten.Foods having the properties to 

mollify vitiated Pitta are advised. Wheat, green gram, sugar sweet,Patola 

(Trichosanthes diocia), meat of animals from dry land (Jangala Mamsa) is to be 

incorporated into the eating routine.

👉🏻Apathya ahara:- 

- Hot, bitter, sweet, and astringent foods are to be stayed away from.

- The food products, such as fat, oils, meat of aquatic creatures, curds, and so on should 

be excluded from the diet amid this season. 

👉🏻 Vihara(Lifestyle):-

- Habit of eating food, just when there is a feeling of hunger is 

suggested.It is suggested to wear flower garlands and to apply paste of Chandana 

(Santalum collection) on the body. It is said that moon beams in the initial 3 hours of 

night is favorable for wellbeing. 

👉🏻 Other viharas including treatment procedures:-

- Restorative methods, for excrete 

aggrivated pitta from body like virechana and Raktamokshana therapy.

👉🏻Apathya vihara:-

- Napping during the day, exposure to sun light and excessive eating 

should be avoided during this season. 

👉🏻 Hamsodaka:- 

- The water which gets heated by the hot rays of the sun during day and 

cooled by the cold rays of the moon during night for many days and detoxicated by 

rise of the star Agatsya which is uncontamined, pure and capable of mitigating the 

malas is known as 'Hamsodaka'. It is neither abhishyandi nor dry such water is like 

nectar(amrita) for drinking and other purposes. 

👉🏻Predominant rasa:-

Lavana 

👉🏻Predominant guna:- Ushna,Tikshna,Ruksha

 

👉🏻Dehabala and agnibala:- Madhyama(Moderate) 

👉🏻 Effect on doshas:- Pitta prakopa 

👉🏻 Rashi of sun:- Kanya,Tula 

👉🏻Common disorders during season:-

- Problems that can occur in autumn season due to 

pitta vitiation are:- Pitta predominant disorders,fevers may be vata kapha dominant 

type,Heamoptysis, Migraines and headache, delirium, Hyperacidity, gastritis,blood 

and skin disorders, constipation & incomplete evacuation of bowels,low digestive 

function, anorexia etc. 

👉🏻 Importance of following proper regimen:- 

- In this season there is chance to 

occurance of mainly Piita vitiating disorders like Hyperacidity,fever,blood disorders 

etc. due to pitta prakopa. For prevention of these disorders pitta shamaka ahara and 

vihara like Tikta ghrita,shali,mudga,sheeta,madhu etc. which has opposite features 

from pitta should be taken. So if person follow proper diet and regimen of sharada 

ritucharya it will prevent the diseases.