🔘 Siddhanta In Ayurveda

SIDDHANTA IN AYURVEDA

👉🏻 Definition:-

• सिद्धान्तो नाम स यः परीक्षकै र्बहुविधं परीक्ष्य हेतुभिश्चसाधयित्वा स्थाप्यते निर्णयः| 

                        ( Cha. vi.8/37)

- Siddhanta is the conclusion which is established by

Acharyas after carefully testing in several ways and

which is proved with reasoning.

👉🏻 Types of Siddhanta:-

• स चतुर्विधः - सर्वतन्त्रसिद्धान्तः, प्रतितन्त्रसिद्धान्तः, अधिकरणसिद्धान्तः, अभ्युपगमसिद्धान्तश्चेति|

                          (Cha. vi.8/37)

- There are four types of Siddhantas, viz.

1) Sarvatantra Siddhanta

2) Pratitantra Siddhanta

3) Adhikarana Siddhanta

4) Abhyupagamana Siddhanta

1. Sarvatantra Siddhanta

(Universally accepted theory):-

•तत्र सर्वतन्त्र सिद्धान्तोनाम तस्मिंस्तस्मिन्सर्वस्मिंस्तन्त्रे तत्तत्प्रसिद्धं; यथासन्तिनिदानानि, सन्तिव्याधयः, सन्तिसिद्ध्युपायाःसाध्यानामिति|

                       (Cha. vi.8/37)

- It is that theory which is accepted universally by all the

schools of thoughts or the Acharyas and is found in

every treatise on that particular treatise on the subject,

such as,

- For ex:-

√ There are causes (Nidana), there are diseases (Roga) and

there are remedies for Sadhya Vyadhies, which is accepted

by all the schools and Acharyas.

√ Purusha is Panchabhautika, Kshaya Vruddhi Vikara

Ashrayatwa, Ahara Poshaniyatwa, this has been accepted

by all the Ayurvediya Tantras.

√ Haritaki is accepted as a Rasayana Dravya by all the

Authors.

2. Pratitantra Siddhanta (Restricted theory):-

•प्रतितन्त्र सिद्धान्तोनाम तस्मिंस्तस्मिन्नेकैकस्मिंस्तन्त्रेतत्तत्प्रसिद्धं; यथा- अन्यत्राष्टौरसाःषडत्र, पञ्चेन्द्रियाण्यत्रषडिन्द्रियाण्यन्यत्रतन्त्रे, वातादिकृताःसर्वेविकारायथाऽन्यत्र,अत्रवातादिकृताभूतकृताश्चप्रसिद्धाः|

                     (Cha. Vi.8/37)

- It is the theory which is not universal in nature and is

held by only one of the schools of thought or Acharyas

or found only in one treatise of a particular

science/subject, such as,

- For ex:-

√ In other schools there are 8 Rasas (tastes), but in Ayurveda

only 6 Rasas.

√ There are 5 sense organs, while in other texts there are 6

sense organs, who have considered Manas also under it.

√ Sushruta tells Atma is Asarvagata, Sukshma and Nitya,

while Charaka tells Atma is Sarvagatatva, Vibhutwa and

Nityatwa.

√ Acharya Sushruta has considered Rakta as the fourth

Dosha while Charaka has not considered.

√ Sushruta tells that Doshas gets Prakopa by the gradual

Sanchaya of the Doshas, while Charaka tells Achaya

Prakopa.

3. Adhikarana Siddhanta (Implied theory):-

• अधिकरण सिद्धान्तोनाम स यस्मिन्नधिकरणेप्रस्तूयमानेसिद्धान्यन्यान्यप्यधिकरणानिभवन्ति, यथा- ‘नमुक्तःकर्मानुबन्धिकंकुरुते, निस्पृहत्वात्इतिप्रस्तुतेसिद्धाःकर्मफल-मोक्ष-पुरुष-प्रेत्यभावाभवन्ति|

                      (Cha. Vi.8/37)

- Adhikarana Siddhanata is that which is determined by

implication in the course of a statement of facts, such

as,

- For ex:-

√ Mukta Purusha does not do the Karya which are going to

give the Shubha, Ashubha Phala, because he is Nishkaama

(desireless) and they do not want the Laukika and

Paralaukika Phalas. From this statement it can be implied

that, Karma Phala exists, Moksha exists, Purusha exists.

4. Abhyupagama Siddhanta (Hypothetical theory):-

•अभ्युपगम सिद्धान्तोनाम स यमर्थमसिद्धमपरीक्षितमनुपदिष्टमहेतुकंवावादकालेऽभ्युपगच्छन्तिभिषजः; तद्यथा- द्रव्यंप्रधानमितिकृत्वावक्ष्यामः, गुणाःप्रधानमितिकृत्वावक्ष्यामः, वीर्यंप्रधानमितिकृत्वावक्ष्यामः, इत्येवमादिः|

                     (Cha. Vi.8/37)

- The statement which is accepted during the Vaada

(debate) by a Vaidya which has not been established

(Asiddha), nor investigated (Aparikshita), nor taught

(Anupadishta), that hypothetical statement is called

Abhyupagama Siddhanta, such as,

- For ex:-

√ When studying about the Dravyas, taking Dravyas to be

Pradhana of the other Padarthas, When studying the

Gunas taking it to be Pradhana, when studing the Veeryas

telling it as Pradhana than others.

√ Charaka in Vatakalaakaliya Adhyaya, while explaining Vata

Dosha be has told „Vayureva Shubhaashubhakara‟, for Pitta

Dosha „Agnireva Shubhaashubhakara‟ for Kapha Dosha

„Somayeva Shubhaashubhakara‟

👉🏻 Importance:-

- Siddhanta is one of the important concept 

in any science.

- A strong foundation is essential to build an

house and for the longevity of a house.

- As such if the roots of a tree are strong. its life span also will be increased.

- Like that the entire knowledge of science

depends on Moola Siddhantas or Basic

Fundamental Principles only.

- It can be taken as a base in 

conducting many research works like in 

experimental, Pre- clinical, clinical etc. 

-In today’s world there are many tools 

developed from which even the minutest 

organism can be visualized. With the help 

of these tools, an effort should be made to 

re-validate the siddhanta mentioned in 

Ayurveda in new terms so that Ayurveda 

is Globalised and widely accepted.