🔘 PARAD SAMSKARA

*PARADA SAMSKARA:-* 

👉🏻 Defination of samskara:-

• संस्कारो हि गुणान्तराधानमुच्यते ।

ते गुणास्तोयाग्रिसन्निकर्षशौचमन्थनदेशकालवासनभावनादिभिः कालप्रकर्षभाजनादिभिश्चाधीयन्ते।

- It is the pharmaceutical procedures that bring about

qualitative alternation done for improvement,  enhancement, modification, lowering bad effects.

- In Rasashastra paarada samskara is of prime importance.

👉🏻 Difference between Shodhana and Samskara:-

- Shodana concentrates in the removal of doshas while, samskara aims in potentiating drug along with the same.

- Shodana can be considered as a part of samskara but all samskaras are not shodana.

👉🏻 Number of Paarada samskara:-

- According to:-

1.Bhagavan shankara:- 2

2.Rasachintamani:- 11

3.Rasapadhati,Rasopanishat, Rasatarangani:- 16

4.Rasaratnasamuchayam,Rasendrachoodamani,

Rasaprakashasudhakara,Rasadhyaya,Rasakamadhenu,Brihath tarangini:- 18

5.Rasaratnakara,Aanandakandam, Rasasara, Ayurvedaprakasha:- 19

👉🏻 Ashtadasha Parada samskara:-

• स्यात्स्वेदनं तदनु मर्ददनमूर्च्छनञ्च उत्थापनं पतनरोधननियामनानि।

सन्दीपनं गगनभक्षणमानमत्र सञ्चारणा तटदनु गर्भगताद्रुतिश्च॥

बाह्यद्रुतिः सूतकजारणास्याद्रागस्तथा सारणकर्मपश्चात्।

सड्क्रामणं वेधविधिः शरीरेयोगस्तथाष्टादशधाऽत्र कर्म॥                                           (R.R.S.11/15-16)

- 18 Paarada Samskaras are:-

1.Swedana

2.Mardana

3.Murchhna

4.Utthapana

5.Patana

6.Rodhana

7.Niyamana

8.Dipana

9.Gaganabhakshana

10.Charana

11.Garbhadruti

12.Bahyadruti

13.Jarana

14.Ranjana

15.Sarana

16.Sankramana

17.Vedhana

18.Bhakshana

👉🏻 Parada Ashta Samskara:-

1.Swedana

2.Mardana

3.Murchhna

4.Utthapana

5.Patana

- Urdhwapatana

- Adhahpatana

- Tiryakapatana

6.Rodhana

7.Niyamana

8.Dipana

- First five samskaras are useful for removing various type of dosha of parada.

- Last three samskaras are useful for changing undesired properties and to improve potency of parada.

👉🏻 Amount of parada needed for samskara:-

- 2000 or 1000 or 100 or 28 or 10 or 5 or at least 1 pala of parada should be taken for samskara.

1) Swedana Samskara:-

- Process:- Swedana(medium:- Kanji)

- Yantra:- Dolayantra

- Agni:- Mrudu

- Duration:- 3days for dehasiddhi and 21 days for lohasiddhi

- Drugs used as kalka:- Aasuri, Saidhava, Trikatu, chitraka, Aardraka,mulaka.

Each drug should be 1/16th part of parada.

√ Method:-

- The drugs are made into fine powder and kalka is prepared with it.

- One angula of kalka is coated in vatapatra/betel leaf/kadali patra which 

is made into a receptacle and allowed to dry.

- Parada is put into this and sealed with kalka and leaf.

- Cover it with four folded cloth and make into a potali.

- Suspend the potali in dolayantra and perform swedana.

- Recover mercury after process by washing kalka in hotwater.

- The recovered mercury id strained 3-4 time through four folded cloth before carrying out mardana.

√ Precautions:-

- Refill kanjika in dolayantra time to time.

- The potali should not touch the bottom of the yantra.

- There are suggestions to replace the kalka every day but it is not very necessary for 3 day swedana but in 21 day swedana

for lohasidhi, reinforcement of kalka is necessary.

√ Importance:-

- Both acidic and alkaline substances used in this samskara so Impurities lose adhesiveness.

- Impurities dissolve in the liquid medium used and Hg become relatively free from impurities.(Bahya mala become shithila).

2) Mardana Samskara:-

- Process:- Mardana(medium:- Kanji)

- Yantra:- Tapta khalwa yantra made of loha

- Duration:- 3days for dehasiddhi and 21 days for lohasiddhi.

- Drugs used as kalka:- Grihadhuma, Ishtika churna, dadhi, guda, saindhava lavana, Aasuri.

Each drug should be 1/16 th part of parada.

√ Method:-

- Mercury and drugs are placed in tapta khalvayantra & triturated well using kanjika for three days.

- Recover mercury after the samskara by washing kalka with hot water.

- If more mercury is retained in klaka conduct patana and recover it.

- The recovered parada is filtered 3-4 times through a four folded cloth.

- Some aacharyas recommend addition of abhraka satwa and swarna to parada after the 3 day grinding with drugs by which a distinct color is imparted to mercury.

√ Precautions:-

- Kanjika should be added time to time while grinding.

- Filter suta through a four folded cloth is necessary as

the ishtika choorna tend to settle down with mercury

√ Importance:-

- The Hg becomes free of bahirmala.

- It will get characteristic colour.

-  The qualities increase.

3) Murchhna Samskara:-

- Process:- Mardana(Medium:- Kanji)

- Yantra:- Tapta khalwa yantra

- Duration:- 3 days for dehasiddhi and 7 days for lohasiddhi.

- Drugs used as kalka:- Ghritakumari swarasa, Triphala and chitraka

Each drug should be 1/16th part of parada.

√ Method:-

- Mardita paarada is triturted for three days in a tapta

khalwayantra with the above said medicines and kumari

swarasa till parada loses cohisiveness and break into

nashtapishtatva.

√ Importance:-

- Parada loses its natural  properties and attains nashtapishtatva.

- The parada attain naaga varna & also loses its chapalata and dravata.

- The parada will be

free of all blemishes.

4) Utthapana Samskara:-

- Process:- Swedana, Prakshalana, mardana, Aatapa and Patana.

- Yantra:- Dolayantra, Tapta khalwayantra and Urdhwapatana yantra.

- Medium:-

1.Swedana:- Kanji

2.Prakshalana:- Kanji and ushnajala

3.Mardana:- Kanji and ushnajala

- Best time:- Vaishakha and jyeshtha masha.

√ Method:-

- Moorchita paarada is subjected to swedana with kanjika in dolayantra. 

- By this the parada which are separated as globules

will combine together.

- Then it is subjected to prakshalana with ushna kanji or

ushnajala by which rest of the paarada trapped in kalka can

be recovered.

- This kalka is again subjected to mardana in tapta khalva

yantra with ushnajala .

- Kalka which is light will flow away with

water and the heavy particles of parada will settle down.

- The paarada is subjected to aatapa after mardana preferably

during vaishakha and jyeshta months.

- According to paarada vijnaneeyam mardana should be

conducted in aatapa with nimbuka swarasa.

- The mercury which is not recovered by the above steps is

regained by paatana.

√ Importance:-

- Parada regain the swabhavika avastha.

5) Patana Samskara:-

- It is of 3 types:-

A.Urdhwapatana

B.Adhahpatana

C.Tiryakapatana

A. Urdhwapatana:-

- Process:- Mardana and Urdhwapatana

- Yantra:- Vidhyadharayantra, Damaru yantra, Tapta khalwayantra

- Duration of mardana:- 3days

- Duration of process:- Once/thrice for dehasiddhi and 7 times for lohasiddhi

- Drugs used:-

• Parada:- 1part

• Tamra:- 1/4ty part

• Acc. to shalinath haridra and kumariswarasa is used.

• Acc. to madhava tuttha and swarna makshika should be used.

√ Method:-

- Parada is mixed with ¼ amount of tamra and subjected to

mardana for 3 days so a shulbha pishti is formed.

- The shulbapishti is kept in the urdhvapatana yantra and

subjected to patana.

- The sublimed paarada is collected from the upper pot.

√ Importance:-

- All the doshas from yogika, saptakanchuka and oupadhika is relieved by this samskara.

B. Adhahpatana:-

- Process:- Mardana and Adhahpatana

- Yantra:- Vidhyadhara, Damaru and Tapta khalwayantra

- Duration for mardana:- 3days with tamra till nashtapishti is obtained

- Duration of process:- 7 times

- Drugs used:-

• Parada:- 1 part

• Tamra:- 1/4 part or drugs as indicated in Urdhwapatana

√ Method:-

- The paarada subjected to urdhvapaatana is subjected to

mardana with various drugs till nashta pishtatva is obtained.

- The paarada is then kept in adhapaatana yantra subjected to

the adhapaatana.

- The sublimed paarada is collected from the bottom pot after

the process.

√ Importance:-

- Parada obtained after subjecting to the process of

urdhvapatana and adhapatana can be used for preparing

the rasayana yoga by adding various other drugs into it.

- Patana process conducted in dipika yantra is free from all

kinds of blemishes.

C. Tiryaka Patana:-

- Process:- Mardana, Tiryakapatana and swedana

- Yantra:- Tiryakapatana yantra

- Duration of mardana:- till nashtapishti is obtained

- Duration pf process:- Till parada become dradhavahni

- Drugs used:-

• Parada:- 1 part

• Dhanyabhraka:- 1/4 part

• Aaranala:- q.s. or drugs as indicated im treatise.

√ Method:-

- The paarada after urdhva and adha patana is subjected to

mardana with slakshna abhraka dalam with aaranala as

medium for nashtapishtatva formation.

- This is kept in tiryak paatana yantra and subjected to

tiryaka Paatana.

-The paarada is then subjected to swedana in dolayantra.

- The swedita paarada again subjected to tiryak paatana till

become drudhavahni.

√ Importance:-

- Parada become capable of sustaining intense heat.

- After 5 samskaras parada become slugish amd calm.

6) Rodhana/Bodhana Samskara:-

- Rodhana is carried out as measure to restore Potency of parada which has become napumsaka, mruta praya and mandavirya from first five samskaras.

- The parada at this state will be unable to take into it swarnadi lohas as gras thus to impart bubhuksha to parada bodhana is conducted.

- Process:- Swedana

- Yantra:- Dolayantra

- Duration of swedana:- 3days

- Medium:- Sandhava jala/Srishtyambu

- Drugs used:-

• Parada:- 1 part

• Saindhava:- qs

• Jala:- qs

√ Method:-

- The paarada processed till the paatana samskara is suspended inside a

pot containing saindhava jala/ srishtimbu and subjected to swedana for

three days.

- The swedita paarada is collected washed and filtered.

√ Other method:-

- The paarada is kept undisturbed in a pot filled with saindhava jala

for three days and on the fourth day it is taken out, washed and filtered.

√ Importance:-

- Restore potency in parada which has become napumsaka, mruta praya and mandavirya from first five samskaras.

7) Niyamana Samskara:-

- Process:- Swedana

- Yantra:- Dolayantra

- Duration of swedana:- 1-3 days

- Medium:- Kanji

- Drugs used as kalka:- Tambula, lashuna, saindhava, bhringraja, Vandhyakarkoti and chincha.

Each drug should be taken 1/16th part of parada.

√ Method:-

- The rodhita paarada is suspended in dola yantra and is subjected to

swedana using kanjika as medium for 1-3 days.

- The kanjika is charged with the above dravyas during swedana.

- The paarada is recovered after swedana and filtered well.

√ Importance:-

- Parada become nirmala and tejavana.

- Parada attains sthirata and chapalata is removed.

8) Dipana Samskara:-

- Process:- Swedana

- Yantra:- Dolayantra

- Duration for swedana:- 3days

- Medium:- Kanji

- Drugs used as kalka:- Sphatika, kasisa, saindhava, tankana, maricha, Raajika, Shigrutwal

Each drug should be 1/16th of parada.

√ Method:-

- The niyamitha paarada is suspended in dola yantra and is subjected to

swedana using kanjika as medium for 3 days.

- The kanjika is charged with the above dravyas during swedana.

- The paarada is recovered after swedana and filtered well.

√ Importance:-

- Parada become grasartha and dipana guna is increased.

✓ IMPORTANCE OF ASHTA SAMSKARA:-

- For therapeutic administration/dehasidhi with parada only ashta

samskara is necessary.

- By the end of 8 samskara the paarada becomes

free from all blemishes.

- Only 1/8 th of paarada will remain after Ashtasamskara.