*Introduction:-
- The structural and supporting units of the body are called Dhatu in Ayurveda.
- In modern science, it related to tissues. So, Dhatu meaning in English is tissue.
- In ayurveda science, there are seven basic tissues that make the body and these tissues are collectively called Sapta Dhatu in Ayurveda
1)Rasa Dhatu:-
-Rasa Dhatu relates to body fluids in the body. It includes intracellular and extracellular fluids, plasma in the blood and fluid in the lymphatic system.
- It also includes all nutrients absorbed in the intestine.
- Dosha:-Kapha Dosha
- Upadhatu :-Stanya (breastmilk), Raja (menstrual fluid/blood)
- Mala:- Sweat, Tears, and Saliva
- Rasa Dhatu is responsible for providing nutrition to all cells, tissues, and organs in the body
2)Rakta Dhatu:-
- Rakta Dhatu relates to blood components (RBCs) except plasma in the blood.
- Rakta is derived from nutrients present in the Rasa.
- Dosha :-Pitta Dosha
- Upadhatu:- Shira (Blood Vessels), Kandara (Fascia)
- Mala (Waste Product) –
- Rakta Dhatu supplies oxygen to all structures in the body. It is also responsible for maintaining strength, health, and happiness. It supports the functions of skin and sense organs.
3)Mamsa Dhatu:-
- Mamsa Dhatu relates to muscular tissues in the body. Mamsa tissue is derived from nutrient in the Rakta in addition to Rasa.
- Dosha :-Kapha Dosha
- Upadhatu:- Muscle, Fat and Skin
- Mala (Waste Product):- Earwax, crusts in the nose, and tartar of teeth
- The main function of Mamsa Dhatu is to provide strength to the body and protecting internal organs.
4)Meda Dhatu:-
-Meda Dhatu relates to adipose tissues in the body. It is derived from nutrients in Mamsa Dhatu in addition to Rasa, and Rakta.
- Dosha:-Kapha Dosha
- Upadhatu :-Snayu (tendons), Sandhi (joints), Shira (lymphatic vessels), and Sweat (Sharangadhara Samhita)
- Mala (Waste Product):- Sweat, Smegma of the prepuce
- Meda Dhatu is responsible for lubrication and providing strength and nutrition to the bones, joints, tendons, and ligaments.
5)Asthi Dhatu:-
- Asthi Dhatu relates to bony and skeletal tissues in the body. It is derived from nutrients in Meda Dhatu in addition to Rasa, Rakta, and Mamsa.
- Dosha:- Vata Dosha
- Upadhatu :-Teeth
- Mala (Waste Product):- Nails and Hair
The main function of Asthi Dhatu is to protect delicate nervous tissue, brain, spinal cord and support bone marrow.
6)Majja Dhatu:-
- Majja Dhatu relates to the Bone marrow and nervous tissue in the body. It is derived from nutrients in the Asthi Dhatu in addition to Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, and Meda.
- Dosha:-Kapha Dosha
- Upadhatu :-Hair (according to Sharangadhara Samhita)
- Mala (Waste Product):- Oily secretions of skin – include secretions of sebaceous gland
- Majja Dhatu is responsible for proving nourishment to Shukra Dhatu. All functions of bone marrow, brain, and nervous tissue represent the functions of Majja Dhatu.
7)Shukra Dhatu:-
- Shukra Dhatu relates to the generative tissue in the body. It is derived from nutrients in the Majja Dhatu in addition to Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, and Asthi.
- Dosha:-Kapha Dosha
- Upadhatu –
- Mala (Waste Product) – (beard? Some believes)
Shukra Dhatu is not only constituents of semen or ovum.
- It also includes all generative tissues and stem cells in the body, which are responsible for cellular regeneration and reproduction.
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